Etiology of Hypertension - A brief Overview

11 Mar

Posted by Dr John Anne as Hypertension

Hypertension or high blood pressure is a medical condition where the blood pressure in the arteries is chronically elevated. While it is formally called arterial hypertension, the word “hypertension” without a qualifier usually refers to arterial hypertension.

Data from several epidemiologic studies have suggested that the prevalence of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus is approximately 1.5-2.0 times greater than in an appropriately matched nondiabetic population.

Etiology by type, high blood pressure can be divided into essential hypertension and secondary hypertension. In patients with hypertension and about 90% for hypertension, about 10 per cent of secondary hypertension.

The pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance and hypertension begins with an interaction between genetic factors and environmental factors. The search for the underlying genetic basis of these conditions has yielded disappointing results.

To understand blood pressure is regulated, and how this regulation is disturbed in hypertension, we need to understand how blood volume is regulated and how the distribution of that volume across the vascular tree is regulated. This is important for hypertension treatment.

High blood pressure (BP) increases the risk of CVD for millions of people worldwide, and there is evidence that the problem is only getting worse.

Dietary calcium, magnesium, and polyunsaturated and saturated fat have each been implicated as being important factors in the development and treatment of hypertension. Although the mechanisms underlying the relationship between calcium and blood pressure are not clearly defined, calcium supplementation may be effective in lowering blood pressure in certain calcium sensitive subgroups

Under classical strategy, scientists have tried first to find a physiological phenomenon specific for essential hypertension, then to identify the protein underlying the physiological abnormality, and finally to clarify the causative gene which encoded the protein.

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